Understanding Allergic and Non-Allergic Rhinitis

Millions of individuals throughout the world suffer from the prevalent disease rhinitis. It refers to nasal inflammation, which causes symptoms like runny nose, sneezing, nasal congestion, and itching.
For a complete understanding of Rhinitis, you can read the following blog: https://bibo.health/blogs/respiratory-conditions/a-comprehensive-guide-to-rhinitis

Rhinitis can be classified into two main types: allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis. Although they have similar symptoms, their underlying causes and methods of therapy are very different. The distinctions between allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, their causes, symptoms, and possible treatments will all be covered in this blog.

Allergic Rhinitis:

Hay fever, also referred to as allergic rhinitis, is an immunological response brought on by exposure to allergens. It happens when the immune system of the body overreacts to harmless elements like pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or mould spores. The immune system is triggered by allergens, which cause the release of histamines and other substances that irritate the nasal passages.

What causes allergic rhinitis?

• Pollen: Exposure to grass, weed, and tree pollen is a common cause of seasonal allergic rhinitis, generally known as hay fever.
• Dust Mites: These small creatures, which are present year-round in household dust, bedding, and upholstery, can cause allergic reactions.
• Pet Dander: People with allergic rhinitis frequently have allergies to pet dander, particularly to pets such as cats and dogs.
• Mold Spores: Mold grows in moist conditions and emits spores that can trigger allergic reactions.

What are the symptoms of allergic rhinitis?

• Sneezing: Repeated, frequent sneezing, frequently accompanied by a runny or itchy nose.
• Nasal Congestion: Breathing becomes challenging because of the swollen and congested nasal passages.
• Runny Nose: Nasal discharge that is initially clear and watery but may eventually thicken and turn yellow.
• Itchy Nose, Eyes, and Throat.
• Watery Eyes: Excessive tears or watery eyes brought on by conjunctival inflammation.

Treatment Options:

• Allergen Avoidance: The severity and frequency of symptoms can be decreased by identifying and avoiding particular allergies.
• Medications: Nasal sprays, decongestants, and antihistamines sold over-the-counter can all offer momentary relief. For severe cases, prescription drugs such corticosteroids may be required.
• Immunotherapy: The immune system can become less sensitive to particular allergens with the use of allergy immunotherapy, such as allergy injections or sublingual pills.
• Home Remedies: Symptoms can be relieved by nasal irrigation using saline solutions, using air purifiers, and maintaining a clean indoor environment.

Non-Allergic Rhinitis:

While non-allergic rhinitis shares many of the same symptoms as allergic rhinitis, it is not brought on by an allergic reaction. Non-allergic rhinitis can be brought on by a variety of factors, such as irritants, weather changes, strong odors, specific drugs, hormonal changes, and structural abnormalities in the nasal passages.

What causes non-allergic rhinitis?

• Irritants: Non-allergic rhinitis symptoms can be brought on by exposure to irritants such as smoking, strong odors, chemicals, or pollutants.
• Changes in Weather: Nasal inflammation can be brought on by abrupt weather changes, such as cold air or dryness.
• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), blood pressure medications, and oral contraceptives are among the medications that might result in non-allergic rhinitis.
• Hormonal Changes: Nasal inflammation may be influenced by hormonal changes, such as those that occur during menopause or pregnancy.
• Structural Abnormalities: Chronic non-allergic rhinitis can be brought on by structural problems such as a deviated septum or nasal polyps.

What are the symptoms of non-allergic rhinitis?

• Nasal Congestion: Swelling and blockage of the nasal passages, making breathing difficult.
• Runny Nose: Clear nasal discharge that may be thicker and postnasal drip.
• Sneezing: Frequent bouts of sneezing, although it may not be as pronounced as in allergic rhinitis.
• Nasal Itching: Itchy sensations in the nose or throat, often accompanied by an irritated or ticklish feeling.
• Headaches: Some individuals with non-allergic rhinitis may experience mild to moderate headaches.

Treatment Options:

• Environmental Control: Keeping a clean environment and avoiding irritants like smoking or powerful odors can help reduce symptoms.
• Medications: It may be advised to take nasal sprays, antihistamines, decongestants, or corticosteroids to treat symptoms.
• Saline Irrigation: Saline nasal irrigation can help clear out irritants and lessen swelling.
• Nasal Procedures: Surgery may be a possibility when structural problems are the cause of symptoms.

It is crucial to speak with a healthcare provider if your symptoms are severe or persistent in order to receive a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

 

Reference

1. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8622-allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever
2.  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/
3. https://www.webmd.com/allergies/nonallergic-rhinitis
4. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/177085#natural_treatment